AI OBSERVATORY / INDEX

Watching AI around the world.

The AI Observatory is an independent research institute that watches, measures and investigates AI’s benefits, failures and consequences. Our Monitor, AIO Watch, covers 43 countries, the 38 OECD Member countries and the OECD’s five Key Partners: Brazil, China (People’s Republic of), India, Indonesia and South Africa. We observe published facts only: official instruments, registered policy actions, listed compute systems and published adoption statistics. No value is estimated, imputed or modelled.

AIO Watch · AIO-W2026-5

Coverage: 43 countries, the 38 OECD Member countries and the OECD's five Key Partners. As of 25 October 2026. Method: AIO-M01, v1.2. Values are published facts only; each value links to its source, and n/a means no source is logged yet. For Indicator A1, n/a (not yet verified) means AIO has not yet verified a national AI strategy for that country; it does not mean the country has no strategy. No composite score or ranking is given.

Indicator A: National AI strategy and governance instruments

A1: published national AI strategy (1 = present).

A1: 43 countries · as of 25 October 2026
CountryA1Source
Australian/a (not yet verified)none logged
Austria1Austrian Federal Government, Artificial Intelligence Mission Austria 2030 (AIM AT 2030) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Belgium1Federal government (FPS BOSA / FPS Economy; approved by the Council of Ministers), National convergence plan for the development of artificial intelligence (accessed 2026-10-25)
Canada1Government of Canada (ISED), Pan-Canadian Artificial Intelligence Strategy (accessed 2026-10-25)
Chile1Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología, Conocimiento e Innovación, Política Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial (accessed 2026-10-25)
Colombia1CONPES / DNP, CONPES 4144 Política Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial (accessed 2026-10-25)
Costa Rica1Ministerio de Ciencia Innovación Tecnología y Telecomunicaciones (MICITT), Estrategia Nacional de Inteligencia Artificial de Costa Rica 2024-2027 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Czechia1Ministerstvo průmyslu a obchodu (MPO); approved by the Government, Národní strategie umělé inteligence České republiky 2030 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Denmark1Finansministeriet og Erhvervsministeriet, National strategi for kunstig intelligens (accessed 2026-10-25)
Estonian/a (not yet verified)none logged
Finlandn/a (not yet verified)none logged
France1Direction générale des Entreprises, France 2030 : stratégie nationale pour l'intelligence artificielle (accessed 2026-10-25)
Germany1German Federal Government, Künstliche Intelligenz Strategie der Bundesregierung (incl. Fortschreibung 2020) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Greecen/a (not yet verified)none logged
Hungary1Government of Hungary, Magyarország Mesterséges Intelligencia Stratégiája (2025-2030) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Iceland1Forsætisráðuneytið (Prime Minister's Office), Stefna Íslands um gervigreind (accessed 2026-10-25)
Ireland1Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment, AI - Here for Good: National Artificial Intelligence Strategy for Ireland (accessed 2026-10-25)
Israeln/a (not yet verified)none logged
Italy1AGID / Dipartimento per la trasformazione digitale, Strategia Italiana per l'Intelligenza Artificiale 2024-2026 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Japan1Cabinet Office, Japan, AI Strategy 2022 (tentative translation) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Korea1MSIT, National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence (accessed 2026-10-25)
Latvian/a (not yet verified)none logged
Lithuania1EIMIN, Lithuanian AI Strategy (2019); national AI strategic guidelines 2026-2035 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Luxembourg1Gouvernement luxembourgeois, Accelerating digital sovereignty 2030 - Luxembourg's AI Strategy (accessed 2026-10-25)
Mexicon/a (not yet verified)none logged
Netherlands1Ministerie van Economische Zaken en Klimaat (sent to Tweede Kamer by the State Secretary), Strategisch Actieplan voor Artificiële Intelligentie (accessed 2026-10-25)
New Zealand1MBIE, New Zealand's Strategy for Artificial Intelligence: Investing with confidence (accessed 2026-10-25)
Norway1Kommunal- og moderniseringsdepartementet, Nasjonal strategi for kunstig intelligens (accessed 2026-10-25)
Poland1Government of Poland, Polityka dla rozwoju sztucznej inteligencji w Polsce od roku 2020 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Portugal1INCoDe.2030 / XXI Governo, AI Portugal 2030 - Estratégia Nacional de Inteligência Artificial (accessed 2026-10-25)
Slovak Republicn/a (not yet verified)none logged
Slovenia1Government of the Republic of Slovenia, Nacionalna strategija za umetno inteligenco do leta 2030 (NsUI 2030) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Spain1Government of Spain, National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence (Version 1.0) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Sweden1Government of Sweden, Nationell inriktning för artificiell intelligens (accessed 2026-10-25)
Switzerlandn/a (not yet verified)none logged
Türkiyen/a (not yet verified)none logged
United Kingdom1UK Government, National AI Strategy (accessed 2026-10-25)
United States1The White House, America's AI Action Plan (accessed 2026-10-25)
Brazil1MCTI, Estratégia Brasileira de Inteligência Artificial (repository page) (accessed 2026-10-25)
China (People's Republic of)1State Council, 国务院关于印发新一代人工智能发展规划的通知 (国发〔2017〕35号) (accessed 2026-10-25)
India1NITI Aayog, National Strategy for Artificial Intelligence (accessed 2026-10-25)
Indonesia1BPPT (BPPT Press), Strategi Nasional Kecerdasan Artifisial Indonesia 2020-2045 (accessed 2026-10-25)
South African/a (not yet verified)none logged

For Indicator A1, n/a (not yet verified) means AIO has not yet verified a national AI strategy for that country; it does not mean the country has no strategy.

n/a
A2 to A6, all countries: no source logged yet
n/a
score_A, all countries: not computed; A2 to A6 have no logged source

Indicator B: AI policy and regulatory actions

n/a
count_B, all countries: no source logged yet

Indicator C: Public compute footprint

C1: systems on the TOP500 list, June 2026.

C1: 43 countries · as of 25 October 2026
CountryC1Source
Australia4TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Austria3TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Belgium2TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Canada17TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Chile0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Colombia0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Costa Rica0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Czechia3TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Denmark1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Estonia0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Finland5TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
France21TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Germany41TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Greece1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Hungary1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Iceland1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Ireland2TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Israel3TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Italy18TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Japan44TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Korea19TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Latvia0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Lithuania0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Luxembourg1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Mexico0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Netherlands7TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
New Zealand0TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Norway8TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Poland8TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Portugal1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Slovak Republic2TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Slovenia2TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Spain3TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Sweden9TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Switzerland3TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Türkiye2TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
United Kingdom11TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
United States161TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Brazil10TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
China (People's Republic of)31TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
India7TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
Indonesia1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
South Africa1TOP500, TOP500 List - June 2026 (pages 1-5, site country column) (accessed 2026-10-25)
n/a
C2 (Epoch AI GPU clusters), all countries: dataset not read; no figure used

Indicator D: Digital adoption base

D1: individuals using the internet, % of population.

D1: 43 countries · as of 25 October 2026
CountryD1Source
Australia96.1World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Austria91.9World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Belgium95.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Canada94.4World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Chile95.6World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Colombia79.3World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Costa Rica87.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Czechia87.7World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Denmark99.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Estonia92.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Finland93.7World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
France88.7World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Germany93.5World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Greece86.3World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Hungary93.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Iceland98.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Ireland97.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Israel88.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Italy89.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Japan85.5World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Korea97.9World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Latvia92.7World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Lithuania89.2World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Luxembourg99.1World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Mexico83.1World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Netherlands97.0World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
New Zealand93.5World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Norway99World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Poland88.6World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Portugal88.5World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Slovak Republic89.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Slovenia90.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Spain95.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Sweden95.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Switzerland97.3World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Türkiye89.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
United Kingdom95.5World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
United States94.7World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Brazil84.5World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
China (People's Republic of)91.6World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
India70World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2025 (accessed 2026-10-25)
Indonesia72.8World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
South Africa78.4World Bank (ITU data), Individuals using the Internet (% of population), IT.NET.USER.ZS (source: ITU), 2024 (accessed 2026-10-25)
AIO Watch method note

AIO-M01, v1.2

Four indicators, A to D, defined from public, free sources only and applied in the same way to every country we cover.

Read the method note

Published papers

METHOD NOTE

AIO Watch: Method Note (Indicators A to D)

AIO-M01, v1.2 · 25 Oct 2026

Read the method note
SIGNAL 01

Five systems, all in the UAE: the June 2026 TOP500 list for the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and Oman

AIO-S0001 · 23 Oct 2026

Read AIO-S0001
SIGNAL 02

Near the ceiling: internet use in the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and Oman, 2015 to 2024/25

AIO-S0002 · 23 Oct 2026

Read AIO-S0002
SIGNAL 03

National AI instruments in the UAE, Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait and Oman, 2017 to 2024

AIO-S0003 · 23 Oct 2026

Read AIO-S0003

Read AIO Signals